MicroK8s vs K3s vs minikube 本地k8s学习环境快速搭建

以快照包的形式交付：这些是用于桌面、云和 IoT 的应用程序包，易于安装，并通过自动更新进行保护，并且可以安装在任何支持 snap 的 Linux 发行版上。这使得MicroK8非常适合在构成物联网的各种硬件上运行。
严格的限制：这确保了与底层操作系统的完全隔离，以及一个严格安全的生产级 Kubernetes 环境，所有这些都在一个小的占用空间内，非常适合边缘网关。
生产级附加组件：Istio，Knative，CoreDNS，Prometheus，Jaeger，Linkerd，Cilium和Helm可作为附加组件使用，这些附加组件易于设置，只需几行命令, 支持快速Enable/Disable。
Kubeflow 还可以作为 MicroK8s 的附加组件，用于改进人工智能（AI）和机器学习（ML）功能。

凭借其降低复杂性的能力，MicroK8s将加速物联网和边缘部署。将物联网设备视为分布式容器化应用程序，使开发人员能够专注于应用程序而不是基础架构，并使运营团队的生活更轻松。

MicroK8s 允许您将 Kubernetes 安装群集在一起，以便它们可以形成单个群集，并将工作负载放在一个或多个这些节点上。简而言之，Kubernetes 是：

便携式：公共云、私有云、混合云、多云
可扩展：模块化、可插拔、可挂钩、可组合
自我修复：自动放置、自动重启、自动复制、自动扩展

在本文中，我们将介绍可以在边缘，物联网和设备上运行的轻量级Kbernetes引擎MicroK8。microk8s是一个非常轻量级的k8s发行版，小巧轻量安装快速是他的特点，microk8s是使用snap包安装的，所以他在Ubuntu上的体验是最好的，毕竟microk8s是Canonical公司开发的产品。

MicroK8s安装使用

https://microk8s.io/docs/install-macos

Install Homebrew

1	/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"

Download the MicroK8s installer
brew install ubuntu/microk8s/microk8s

Run the installer or switch the version of Kubernetes

1
2
3

microk8s install
microk8s install --channel=1.26
microk8s install --channel=1.24

Check the status while Kubernetes starts
microk8s status --wait-ready

microk8s status --wait-ready

microk8s is running
high-availability: no
  datastore master nodes: 127.0.0.1:19001
  datastore standby nodes: none
addons:
  enabled:
    ha-cluster           # (core) Configure high availability on the current node
    helm                 # (core) Helm - the package manager for Kubernetes
    helm3                # (core) Helm 3 - the package manager for Kubernetes
  disabled:
    cert-manager         # (core) Cloud native certificate management
    community            # (core) The community addons repository
    dashboard            # (core) The Kubernetes dashboard
    dns                  # (core) CoreDNS
    gpu                  # (core) Automatic enablement of Nvidia CUDA
    host-access          # (core) Allow Pods connecting to Host services smoothly
    hostpath-storage     # (core) Storage class; allocates storage from host directory
    ingress              # (core) Ingress controller for external access
    kube-ovn             # (core) An advanced network fabric for Kubernetes
    mayastor             # (core) OpenEBS MayaStor
    metallb              # (core) Loadbalancer for your Kubernetes cluster
    metrics-server       # (core) K8s Metrics Server for API access to service metrics
    minio                # (core) MinIO object storage
    observability        # (core) A lightweight observability stack for logs, traces and metrics
    prometheus           # (core) Prometheus operator for monitoring and logging
    rbac                 # (core) Role-Based Access Control for authorisation
    registry             # (core) Private image registry exposed on localhost:32000
    storage              # (core) Alias to hostpath-storage add-on, deprecated

Turn on the services you want

microk8s enable dashboard
microk8s enable dns
microk8s enable registry
microk8s enable community
microk8s enable istio

Addon istio was not found in any repository
To use the community maintained flavor enable the respective repository:

    microk8s enable community

An error occurred when trying to execute 'sudo microk8s.enable istio' with 'multipass': returned exit code 1.

Try microk8s enable --help for a list of available services built in. The microk8s disable command turns off a service.

Start using Kubernetes!
microk8s kubectl get all --all-namespaces
Access the Kubernetes dashboard
microk8s dashboard-proxy
Start and stop Kubernetes
Kubernetes is a collection of system services that talk to each other all the time. If you don’t need them running in the background then you will save battery/resources by stopping them. the microk8s start and microk8s stop commands will do the work for you.

# 使用Lens管理microk8s
microk8s config > ~/.kube/config

# 修改microk8s 里面 DNS 服务
microk8s kubectl -n kube-system edit configmap/coredns

# 配置 microk8s 内置 docker 的 registry.mirrors
https://microk8s.io/docs/registry-private


# 手动访问仪表板，不依赖microk8s dashboard-proxy命令

# 获取 token 密钥
token=$(microk8s kubectl -n kube-system get secret | grep default-token | cut -d " " -f1)
microk8s kubectl -n kube-system describe secret $token
# 映射端口到外部网卡
microk8s kubectl port-forward -n kube-system --address=0.0.0.0 service/kubernetes-dashboard 10443:443
# 浏览器访问
https://127.0.0.1:10443

# delete VM
multipass delete microk8s-vm
multipass purge

# reinstall
microk8s install